Which statement describes a metabolic change in Anorexia Nervosa?

Which statement describes a metabolic change in Anorexia Nervosa?

• A. Morbid fear of obesity
• B. Increased appetite
• C. Normal appetite
• D. Variety of metabolic changes

Answer: (D)

Metabolic changes in anorexia nervosa are diverse because the body adapts to prolonged energy deficiency in several systems. When caloric intake is restricted, the body lowers energy expenditure to conserve fuel, often seen as a reduced basal metabolic rate and shifts in thyroid function (lower T3). Fat stores are mobilized, leading to increased lipolysis and ketone production to meet energy needs. Glucose metabolism can become altered, with potential fluctuations in blood sugar and changes in insulin sensitivity. Electrolyte balance may be disrupted, especially with vomiting or laxative use, producing abnormalities like low potassium or sodium. Reproductive hormones decline, contributing to amenorrhea, and bone health can deteriorate due to hormonal and nutritional factors. Because these adaptations span multiple physiological domains, describing a variety of metabolic changes best captures what occurs in anorexia nervosa. The other statements either reflect a psychological trait rather than a metabolic change or describe appetite in a way that does not align with the typical metabolic adaptations seen in this condition.

Metabolic changes in anorexia nervosa are diverse because the body adapts to prolonged energy deficiency in several systems. When caloric intake is restricted, the body lowers energy expenditure to conserve fuel, often seen as a reduced basal metabolic rate and shifts in thyroid function (lower T3). Fat stores are mobilized, leading to increased lipolysis and ketone production to meet energy needs. Glucose metabolism can become altered, with potential fluctuations in blood sugar and changes in insulin sensitivity. Electrolyte balance may be disrupted, especially with vomiting or laxative use, producing abnormalities like low potassium or sodium. Reproductive hormones decline, contributing to amenorrhea, and bone health can deteriorate due to hormonal and nutritional factors. Because these adaptations span multiple physiological domains, describing a variety of metabolic changes best captures what occurs in anorexia nervosa. The other statements either reflect a psychological trait rather than a metabolic change or describe appetite in a way that does not align with the typical metabolic adaptations seen in this condition.